R4RIN – MCQs, Mock Tests | Pharmacist Qualifying Examination[PEBC-Canada] Renal System Mcq

Which of the following may be said of the renal medulla?

1. it is the more superfi cial part of the kidney.
2. it produces adrenaline and noradrenaline.
3. it contains the pyramids and columns.
4. it contains all of the glomeruli.

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What is the resulting effect of renin being released by the kidney?

1. efferent arterioles are constricted
2. aldosterone is released
3. macula densa sends paracrine message to afferent arterioles.
4. Angiotensin II is formed

✅ Correct Answer: 4

What is the effect of antidiuretic hormone on the kidney tubules?

1. It causes the fi ltrate volume to increase
2. It causes the walls of the collecting duct to become permeable to water.
3. It causes the concentration of urine to decrease.
4. It causes Na + to be absorbed from the fi ltrate into the tubular cells.

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In which part of the nephron does most of the reabsorption of water and solutes occur?

1. the vasa recta
2. the nephron loop (loop of Henle)
3. the collecting duct
4. the proximal convoluted tubule

✅ Correct Answer: 4

How does the composition of the fi ltrate change as it travels through the loop of Henle?

1. In the descending limb, the volume decreases and in the ascending limb, the concentration increases.
2. In the ascending limb, the volume decreases and in the descending limb, the concentration increases
3. In the descending limb, the volume decreases and in the ascending limb, the concentration decreases.
4. In the ascending limb, the volume decreases and in the descending limb, the concentration decreases.

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which material is secreted into the fi ltrate in the kidney tubule?

1. urea
2. H 2 O
3. Na +
4. albumin

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In the glomerulus, what is the method by which solutes are transferred from the blood to the Bowman’s capsule?

1. filtration
2. secretion
3. active transport
4. diffusion

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which hormone causes an increase in permeability to water in the collecting ducts of the kidney?

1. angiotensin II
2. antidiuretic hormone
3. aldosterone
4. atrial natriuretic hormone

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which one of the following is NOT produced by the kidneys?

1. Aldosterone
2. Erythropoietin
3. Calcitriol
4. Renin

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following mechanisms operates in the nephron to maintain pH balance in the body?

1. In tubule cells CO 2 + H 2 O → H 2 CO 3 → H + + HCO 3 − then hydrogen ions are transported into the peritubular capillaries
2. In tubule cells CO 2 + H 2 O → H 2 CO 3 → H + + HCO 3 − then hydrogen ions are secreted into the fi ltrate
3. In tubule cells CO 2 + H 2 O → H 2 CO 3 → H + + HCO 3 − then bicarbonate ions are secreted into the fi ltrate
4. Bicarbonate ions from the tubule cells are secreted into the fi ltrate, then H + + HCO 3 − → H 2 CO 3 → CO 2 + H 2 O

✅ Correct Answer: 2